Author: Wally Shaw
Publisher: Northern Bee Books
ISBN: 9781912271351
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 38
View
Book Description
Honey bees can successfully live in all sorts of different nest sites - a hole in a tree, a chimney pot or a bee-hive - but in all cases this is just a cavity in which to make a set of combs. It is in and on these combs that all the within the colony functions occur. Because it is dark in the hive, communication is through pheromones or vibration and combs provide the ideal carrier for this information. For example, bees can always locate the queen by following the trail of her footprint pheromone on the combs. The main outside the hive activities are foraging, swarming and queen mating. As beekeepers, interested in the production of honey, we tend to concentrate on the foraging activities of our bees and it is easy to overlook the fact that over 95% of a typical worker bee's life is spent within the confines of the colony engaged in some activity in or on the combs. In a sense, the combs are an extension of the bees that made them and it is bees and combs together that constitute the colony. Up until about 1850, bee colonies, whether wild of under human stewardship (it hardly qualified as management), built themselves a set of combs entirely according to their own design in whatever cavity they could find or was provided by the beekeeper. No restriction was placed on the way the colony used these combs to engage in their main activities of brood rearing and food storage. With the introduction of the moveable frame hive, followed quickly by the invention of wax foundation and the queen excluder, everything changed. Beekeepers were now able to induce the bees to make their combs where they (the beekeepers) wanted them, ie in wooden frames. The beekeeper could now even influence the size of cells they built by the dimensions of the hexagon embossed on the sheet of wax. It also became possible to separate the use of combs for brood rearing and honey storage using a queen excluder. Some of the changes that modern beekeeping has imposed on colonies have potential effects on the health and welfare of the bees and others do not.
Author: Jorge Hendrichs
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000393461
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 1028
View
Book Description
Over 98% of sprayed insecticides and 95% of herbicides reach a destination other than their target species, including non-target species, air, water and soil. The extensive reliance on insecticide use reduces biodiversity, contributes to pollinator decline, destroys habitat, and threatens endangered species. This book offers a more effective application of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, on an area-wide (AW) or population-wide (AW-IPM) basis, which aims at the management of the total population of a pest, involving a coordinated effort over often larger areas. For major livestock pests, vectors of human diseases and pests of high-value crops with low pest tolerance, there are compelling economic reasons for participating in AW-IPM. This new textbook attempts to address various fundamental components of AW-IPM, e.g. the importance of relevant problem-solving research, the need for planning and essential baseline data collection, the significance of integrating adequate tools for appropriate control strategies, and the value of pilot trials, etc. With chapters authored by 184 experts from more than 31 countries, the book includes many technical advances in the areas of genetics, molecular biology, microbiology, resistance management, and social sciences that facilitate the planning and implementing of area-wide strategies. The book is essential reading for the academic and applied research community as well as national and regional government plant and human/animal health authorities with responsibility for protecting plant and human/animal health.
Author: Subhas Sikdar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429513321
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 452
View
Book Description
Advances in Carbon Management Technologies comprises 43 chapters contributed by experts from all over the world. Volume 1 of the book, containing 23 chapters, discusses the status of technologies capable of yielding substantial reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from major combustion sources. Such technologies include renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels and technologies to capture CO2 after fossil fuel combustion or directly from the atmosphere, with subsequent permanent long-term storage. The introductory chapter emphasizes the gravity of the issues related to greenhouse gas emissionglobal temperature correlation, the state of the art of key technologies and the necessary emission reductions needed to meet international warming targets. Section 1 deals with global challenges associated with key fossil fuel mitigation technologies, including removing CO2 from the atmosphere, and emission measurements. Section 2 presents technological choices for coal, petroleum, and natural gas for the purpose of reducing carbon footprints associated with the utilization of such fuels. Section 3 deals with promising contributions of alternatives to fossil fuels, such as hydropower, nuclear, solar photovoltaics, and wind. Chapters 19 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. The links can be found on the book's Routledge web page at https://www.routledge.com//9780367198428
Author: United States. Forest Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gypsy moth
Languages : en
Pages :
View
Book Description
Author: United States. Army Medical Dept
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government purchasing
Languages : en
Pages :
View
Book Description
Author: Caula A. Beyl
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420065092
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
View
Book Description
A complete teaching guide with hands-on laboratories, this book is edited by two of the leading experts in the field. The text develops a working knowledge of the principles of plant propagation, as they apply in temperate and tropical environments. In addition to presenting the essential fundamentals, this carefully conceived w
Author: New York (State). Board of Managers, World's Columbian Exposition
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Industries
Languages : en
Pages : 647
View
Book Description
Author: Wally Shaw
Author: Clayton Leon Farrar
Author: 
Author: 